NewsDesk @bactiman63

On Thursday, Fiocruz reported an increase in the number of cases in adults associated with the influenza A virus, mostly H1N1.

3D print of influenza virus. The virus surface (yellow) is covered with proteins called hemagglutinin (blue) and neuraminidase (red). NIH

In addition, it indicates the maintenance of the drop in positive cases for Sars-CoV-2 (Covid-19) in the same age group. As for children, especially those aged up to two years, since April there has been a significant growth in new weekly cases and hospitalizations due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV).

Marcelo Gomes points out that, in the population aged 15 years and over, the maintenance of a scenario that had already been taking shape during the month of April, consolidating itself in May. Gomes observes that in the last four weeks (April 23 to May 20), about 31% of positive cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in people aged 15 and over were associated with the influenza A virus, with the H1N1 virus most subtypes. In the month of March, around 9% were influenza A, rising to 22% in April. Meanwhile, the Covid-19 virus went from a level of 80% of positive cases in March to a percentage of 53% in the last four weeks in this same public. 

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The highlight of the increase in SARS cases in the national scenario is in Acre, Alagoas, Amazonas, Amapá, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Pará, Paraíba, Piauí, Paraná, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul , Rondônia, Santa Catarina, Sergipe and Tocantins.

Regarding RSV, the main virus identified in children and responsible for the current scenario in this public, there is a sign of growth in Acre, Amazonas, Alagoas, Amapá, Bahia, Ceará, Maranhão, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Pará, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Rondônia, Roraima and Sergipe, mainly concentrated in this age group. 

In Alagoas, Amazonas, Amapá, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Pará, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte and Sergipe, a possible sign of SARS growth can be observed in some portions of the adult population. In Paraíba, Mato Grosso and Rio Grande do Sul, the recent increase in SARS was observed in all age groups, being more expressive in the state of Rio Grande do Sul.

Among the capitals, 14 show signs of SARS growth: Belém (PA), Belo Horizonte (MG), Cuiabá (MT), João Pessoa (PB), Macapá (AP), Maceió (AL), Manaus (AM), Natal (RN), Porto Alegre (RS), Porto Velho (RO), Recife (PE), Rio Branco (AC), Salvador (BA) and Teresina (PI).

“While in some of these capitals the signal is compatible with oscillation in periods of low activity, in others, the maintenance of an expressive growth of SARS is observed only among children. However, it is also possible to identify growth in the number of capitals with an increase in the adult population as well, due to the recent increase in cases associated with influenza A and B viruses”, highlights Marcelo.

In the country’s general epidemiological scenario, there is a moderate sign of SARS growth in the long-term trend (last six weeks) and of stability in the short-term trend (last three weeks). Of the 27 federative units in Brazil, 19 show a growth trend.

In the last four epidemiological weeks, the prevalence among cases with a positive result for respiratory viruses was: influenza A (17.8%); influenza B (6.9%); RSV (45.7%) and Sars-CoV-2/Covid-19 (23.5%).

Among the deaths, the presence of these same viruses among the positives was: influenza A (20.9%); influenza B (12.3%); RSV (10.4%) and Sars-CoV-2/Covid-19 (51.7%).